Birds and their associated Chewing Lice
Avian taxonomy Howard and Moore, 3rd. Edition, 2003
Lice taxonomy (in red) by Robert C. Dalgleish.
conventions:
Extinct, or so presumed. = †
Type species of host genus in bold
Record of host of type species of louse indicated by " * "
Laridae
Genera of chewing lice known from the family:
Actornithophilus [Menoponidae]
Austromenopon [Menoponidae]
Quadraceps [Philopteridae]
Saemundssonia [Philopteridae]
Larinae
Leucophaeus Bruch, 1853
- Leucophaeus scoresbii (Traill, 1823) - Dolphin Gull
Quadraceps ornatus antarcticus Timmermann, 1952 *
Larus Linnaeus, 1758
- Larus pacificus Latham, 1802 - Pacific Gull
Quadraceps punctatus ventosus Timmermann, 1952 *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus belcheri Vigors, 1829 - Belcher´s Gull
Quadraceps punctatus lingulatus (Waterston, 1914)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus atlanticus Olrog, 1958 - Olrog´s Gull
- Larus crassirostris Vieillot, 1818 - Black-tailed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
- Larus modestus Tschudi, 1843 - Grey Gull
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus lingulatus (Waterston, 1914)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus heermanni Cassin, 1852 - Heermann´s Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus felix (Giebel, 1874) *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus leucophthalmus Temminck, 1825 - White-eyed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Quadraceps punctatus clayae Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus hemprichii Bruch, 1853 - Sooty Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Quadraceps punctatus clayae Timmermann, 1952 *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus canus Linnaeus, 1758 - Mew Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps ornatus ornatus (Grube, 1851) *
Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus audouinii Payraudeau, 1826 - Audouini´s Gull
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus delawarensis Ord, 1815 - Ring-billed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952 *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus californicus Lawrence, 1854 - Californian Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus marinus Linnaeus, 1758 - Great-Black-backed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps ornatus striolatus (Nitzsch, 1866)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 - Kelp Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps ornatus fuscolaminulatus (Enderlein, 1909) *
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus glaucescens Naumann, J. F., 1840 - Glaucous-winged Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus occidentalis Audubon, 1839 - Western Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus livens Dwight, 1919 - Yellow-footed Gull
- Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus, 1767 - Glaucous Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps ornatus stratiolatus (Nitzsch, 1866) *
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780) *
- Larus glaucoides Meyer, B., 1822 - Iceland Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps ornatus striolatus (Nitzsch, 1866)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus thayeri Brooks, W. S., 1915 - Thayer´s Gull
- Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763 - Herring Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps ornatus striolatus (Nitzsch, 1866)
Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann, 1952 *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus cachinnans Pallas, 1811 - Yellow-legged Gull
- Larus armenicus Buturlin, 1934 - Armenian Gull
- Larus schistisagus Stejneger, 1884 - Slatey-backed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758 - Lesser Black-backed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus ichthyaetus Pallas, 1773 - Great Black-headed Gull
Quadraceps punctatus punctatus (Burmeister, 1838)
- Larus brunnicephalus Jerdon, 1840 - Brwon-headed Gull
Quadraceps punctatus punctatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus cirrocephalus Vieillot, 1818 - Grey-hooded Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus hartlaubii Bruch, 1853 - Hartlaub´s Gull
- Larus novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826 - Silver Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus lingulatus (Waterston, 1914) *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus bulleri Hutton, 1871 - Black-billed Gull
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus punctatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus maculipennis Lichtenstein, 1823 - Brown-hooded Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Quadraceps punctatus schuezi (Eichler, 1941) *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus ridibundus Linnaeus, 1766 - Common Black-headed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus punctatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus genei Bréme, 1839 - Slender-billed Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Quadraceps punctatus pallidus Timmermann, 1952 *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus philadelphia (Ord, 1815) - Bonaparte´s Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus saundersi (Swinhoe, 1871) - Saunder´s Gull
- Larus serranus Tschudi, 1844 - Andean Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus melanocephalus Temminck, 1820 - Mediterranean Gull
Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus relictus Lönnberg, 1931 - Relict Gull
- Larus fuliginosus Gould, 1841 - Lava Gull
Quadraceps punctatus felix (Giebel, 1874)
- Larus atricilla Linnaeus, 1758 - Laughing Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus punctatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus pipixcan Wagler, 1831 - Franklin´s Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Larus minutus Pallas, 1776 - Little Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps eugrammicus (Burmeister, 1838) *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
Pagophila Kaup, 1829
- Pagophila eburnea (Phipps, 1774) - Ivory Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
Rhodostethia MacGillivray, 1842
- Rhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray, 1824) - Ross´s Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps bryki Timmermann, 1952 *
Xema Leach, 1819
- Xema sabini (Sabine, 1819) - Sabine´s Gull
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps lineatus (Piaget, 1880) *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
Creagrus Bonaparte, 1854
- Creagrus furcatus (Neboux, 1846) - Swallow-tailed Gull
Quadraceps paludicola (Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902)
Rissa Stephens, 1826
- Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) - Black-legged Kittiwake
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842) *
Quadraceps ornatus lineolatus (Nitzsch, 1866) *
Quadraceps ornatus paulschulzei (Timmermann, 1949) *
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
- Rissa brevirostris (Bruch, 1853) - Red-legged Kittiwake
Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870)
Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842)
Quadraceps ornatus ornatus (Grube, 1851)
Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, O., 1780)
Sterninae
Sterna Linnaeus, 1758
- Sterna nilotica Gmelin, 1789 - Gull-billed Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps baliola (Blagoveshtchensky, 1951) *
Quadraceps kekra Ansari, 1947 *
Saemundssonia gelochelidoni Touleshkov, 1959 *
- Sterna caspia Pallas, 1770 - Caspian Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps caspius (Giebel, 1874) *
Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann, 1952
- Sterna elegans Gambel, 1849 - Elegant Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
- Sterna bengalensis Lesson, 1831 - Lesser Crested Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps sellatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow, 1869)
- Sterna sandvicensis Latham, 1787 - Sandwich Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842) *
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps longicollis (Rudow, 1869) *
Saemundssonia brevicornis (Giebel, 1874) *
Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow, 1869) *
- Sterna bernsteini Schlegel, 1864 - Chinese Crested Tern
- Sterna maxima Boddaert, 1783 - Royal Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps praestans (Kellogg, 1896) *
Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow, 1869)
- Sterna bergii Lichtenstein, 1823 - Greater Crested Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps sellatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow, 1869)
- Sterna aurantia Gray, J. E., 1831 - River Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps insignis Timmermann, 1952 *
Quadraceps thapari Tandan, 1951 *
Saemundssonia hopkinsi Clay, 1949 *
- Sterna dougallii Montagu, 1813 - Roseate Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps giebeli (Eichler, 1951) *
Saemundssonia sternae (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Sterna striata Gmelin, 1789 - White-fronted Tern
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps sellatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia sternae (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Sterna sumatrana Raffles, 1822 - Black-naped Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
- Sterna hirundinacea Lesson, 1831 - South American Tern
- Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758 - Common Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps sellatus (Burmeister, 1838) *
Saemundssonia sternae (Linnaeus, 1758) *
- Sterna repressa Hartert, 1916 - White-cheeked Tern
- Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 1763 - Arctic Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps houri Hopkins, 1949 *
Saemundssonia lockleyi Clay, 1949
- Sterna vittata Gmelin, 1789 - Antarctic Tern
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps houri Hopkins, 1949
Quadraceps sellatus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia lockleyi Clay, 1949 *
Saemundssonia sternae (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Sterna virgata Cabanis, 1875 - Kerguelen Tern
Saemundssonia lockleyi Clay, 1949
- Sterna forsteri Nuttall, 1834 - Forster´s Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Saemundssonia parvigenitalis Ward, 1955 *
- Sterna trudeaui Audubon, 1838 - Trudeau´s Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Saemundssonia olrogi Timmermann, 1961 *
- Sterna albifrons Pallas, 1764 - Little Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps nycthemerus (Burmeister, 1838) *
Saemundssonia melanocephalus (Burmeister, 1838)
- Sterna saundersi Hume, 1877 - Saunder´s Tern
- Sterna antillarum (Lesson, 1847) - Least Tern
- Sterna superciliaris Vieillot, 1819 - Yellow-billed Tern
- Sterna lorata Philippi & Landbeck, 1861 - Peruvian Tern
- Sterna nereis (Gould, 1843) - Fairy Tern
Quadraceps nycthemerus (Burmeister, 1838)
Saemundssonia melanocephalus (Burmeister, 1838)
- Sterna balaenarum (Strickland, 1852) - Damara Tern
- Sterna acuticauda Gray, J. E., 1831 - Black-bellied Tern
- Sterna aleutica Baird, S. F., 1869 - Aleutian Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
- Sterna lunata Peale, 1848 - Grey-backed Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Saemundssonia snyderi (Kellogg and Paine, 1910)
- Sterna anaethetus Scopoli, 1786 - Bridled Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps legatus Timmermann, 1952 *
Saemundssonia lockleyi Clay, 1949
Saemundssonia meridiana Timmermann, 1950 *
- Sterna fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 - Sooty Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps birostris (Giebel, 1874) *
Saemundssonia albemarlensis (Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902) *
- Sterna albostriata (Gray, G. R., 1845) - Black-fronted Tern
Chlidonias Rafinesque, 1822
- Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas, 1811) - Whiskered Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps anagrapsus (Nitzsch, 1866) *
Saemundssonia lobaticeps (Giebel, 1874)
- Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck, 1815) - White-winged Black Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps anagrapsus (Nitzsch, 1866)
Saemundssonia lobaticeps (Giebel, 1874)
- Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus, 1758) - Black Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps phaeonotus (Nitzsch, 1866) *
Saemundssonia lobaticeps (Giebel, 1874) *
Phaetusa Wagler, 1832
- Phaetusa simplex (Gmelin, 1789) - Large-billed Tern
Quadraceps niethammeri Timmermann, 1956 *
Saemundssonia keleri Timmermann, 1955 *
Saemundssonia niethammeri Eichler, 1953 *
Anous Stephens, 1826
- Anous stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Brown Noddy
Actornithophilus incisus (Piaget, 1880)
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps separatus (Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902) *
Saemundssonia remota Timmermann, 1951 *
- Anous tenuirostris (Temminck, 1823) - Lesser Noddy
Actornithophilus ceruleus Timmermann, 1954
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps hopkinsi Timmermann, 1952
- Anous minutus Boie, 1844 - Black Noddy
Actornithophilus ceruleus Timmermann, 1954
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps hopkinsi Timmermann, 1952 *
Saemundssonia remota Timmermann, 1951
Procelsterna Lafresnaye, 1842
- Procelsterna cerulea (Bennett, F. D., 1840) - Blue Noddy
Actornithophilus ceruleus (Timmermann, 1954) *
Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget, 1880)
Quadraceps apophoretus Timmermann, 1969
- Procelsterna albivitta Bonaparte, 1856 - Grey Noddy
Gygis Wagler, 1832
- Gygis alba (Sparrman, 1786) - White Tern
Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny, 1842)
Larosterna Blyth 1852
- Larosterna inca (Lesson, 1827) - Inca Tern
Quadraceps annosus Timmermann, 1952 *
Rynchopinae
Rynchops Linnaeus, 1758
- Rynchops niger Linnaeus, 1758 - Black Skimmer
Quadraceps elongatus (Piaget, 1885)
Saemundssonia anisorhamphos Timmermann, 1951
- Rynchops flavirostris Vieillot, 1816 - African Skimmer
Quadraceps elongatus (Piaget, 1885) *
Saemundssonia anisorhamphos Timmermann, 1951 *
- Rynchops albicollis Swainson, 1838 - Indian Skimmer
Last revised: 1 September, 2003
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